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What to know about Welding and types of welding

What to know about Welding and types of welding

Welding is the art of joining materials, usually metals and thermoplastics with a kind of sculptural process, mostly by fusion with high temperatures. Unlike other kinds of metal-joining techniques as soldering or brazing, which do not melt the base metal. Normally, when you melt the base metal, it’s usual to add the joint a filler material to form the weld pool (a molten material pool) and when it cools a form that can be stronger than the base material. In conjunction with heat or even by itself, pressure can be used to produce a weld for instance.

To get the high temperature state it can use many different sources of energy, glas flame, electrics arcs, lasers, electron beam, friction and ultrasound are the more common tools for metal welding. Here in Murcia the weather and conditions of our normal welding works have been developed in a “friendly environment” where you can get the bests results in metal welding. But there are other different environments where welding is developed, mostly in the industrial area, like welding under water, or even welding outer space that requires specifics methods.

Welding is not easy, and a hazardous task. Practicing precaution is required to avoid vision damage, electric shocks, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and inhalation of poisonous gases and fumes. There are many types of welding, a good professional has to know which one to use in each situation. Below we are going to talk more about metal welding.

Types of metal welding

Shielded metal arc welding or SMAW:

This welding it’s made using an electrode to generate an electric arc that melts the metal at the welding point, it also known as electric welding or stick welding. Sometimes the electrode is surrounded by a flux that protects the weld puddle. The electrode melts the base metal meanwhile the slang protects puddle from contamination.

Gas tungsten arc welding or GTAW:

This welding method uses a nonconsumable tungsten electrode as way to produce the weld. When the welding is being made the area of the weld is protected from contamination by an inert shield of gas, mostly helium or argon. In this type of metal welding a filler metal is also added to the joint, normally. With a constant-current source of energy the welding power supply conducts the electrical energy across the arc, it goes through a column of ionized gas and plasma producing the weld.

Gas metal arc welding or GMAW:

His common name is Metal Inert Gas (MIG) this welding process uses a wire feeding gun feeding a wire with a specific speed while it flows a shield gas with normally an argon based mix as argon + CO2 over the puddle, protecting it from the outside contamination.

Flux-cored arc welding (FCAW):

It’s an almost exact process as in the MIG welding, but in this case you uses a special tubular wire with flux, and it can be used without or with shielding gas.

Submerged arc welding (SAW):

in this particular case the molten weld and the arc are submerged in the flux blanket in order to protect the weld from atmospheric contamination. For that we use an automatically fed electrode (consumable) and a blanket of fusible flux. The SAW it’s normally made with automatically or mechanized equipment, but there are also semi-automatic SAW guns.

Electroslag welding (ESW):

This highly productive welding method, it is used for thick materials in a vertical or almost vertical position, for materials thicker than 25mm (and up to around 300mm). It’s an arc welding process which the arc is placed between the workpiece and a consumable electrode, the arc is extinguished in the welding process.


There are other different methods of welding, each one it’s used under different conditions, different materials or also for different wide or sizes. Some are really fast process meanwhile others requires a lot of preparation and time.

Eriks Metal Work, your metallic carpentry in Murcia

Here in our workshop in Murcia we work essentially with MIG wlding. To give our customers quality, we focus on quality to get the best result that translates into a good, reliable and durable product.